Improved device for ventilating and cooling or warming beds



aen een aient 'Letters Patent No. 99,72

dated February 8, 1870.

IMPRQVED DEVIC FOR 'VENTILATING- AND COOLING- OR WARMING BEDS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DANIEL E. Scams, ofWashington, in the county of Washington, and in the District ot'Columbia, have invented a new and useful Improved Mode ot' Ventilatingand Cooling or lVarming Beds; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full,` clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in which-Figure -1 is an elevation of a bedstead, with my apparatus for supplyingcold or warm air to thc same, the air-ducts for that purpose being shownpartly in section, the left-hand side representing an air-duct carriedunderground tbrsoI-nedistance, while the righthand halt'oi' the figureshows a different arrangement ot' such duct.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same.

Figure 3 shows, in the right-hand halt, two airiuets, extending above`the root' of a building, andsur- 'ounded at their bases by squareboxes, and connected by pipes to the mattress of a bed, one at the headot' the bed for forcing air into the same, and the other at the foot fordrawing ofi' foul air. In the left-hand half, the duct for drawingofl'foul air is represented as directed into the chimney.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the parts shown in fig. 3.

Figure 5 is a plan view of a series ot' bedsteads, showing an air-duct,or ventilating-tuhe, with branchpipes for supplying air to thern. I

Figure 6 is a pla-n view of a series of bedsteads, or beds, showing twoair-ducts,l one for directing a current ot' air into the bed, and theother for drawing oli air therefrom.

The same letters are used in all'the igures to designate like parts.

My invention relates to a mode of Ventilating, or cooling beds, and itconsists in supplying air, properly tempered, to such beds, hy means ot'air-ducts carried above the roofs ot' buildings, and also in soarranging a second air-'duct iii-such a manner as to draw oiiV the foulair trom the hed or beds, all as will bemore fully set forthhereinafter.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construotion and operation.

In the annexed drawings- A represents a bed, and v B, the air-duct forsupplying either Warm or cold air to such bed.

1n the let't-hand half of figs. 1 and 2, I have represented the air-ductas carried underground for some distance, for the purpose ofimparting tothe air circulating through it, the temperature of the earth, which, asiswell known, is nearly uniform throughout all seasons` of the year.

In the right-hand half of the same igures, this underground portion ofthe duct is dispensed with.

Either one of these arrangements may be used, as may be found mostconvenient or desirable.

"lhe air-duct extends above the root` C of the building for someconsiderable distance, and' has on top a cap or hood, with the necessaryvane for turning the month ot' the hood toward the wind, which will thusbe caught and circulate through the duct.

l To increase the downward current, as well as to cool the airdescending, i propose to create, in warm weather, e 'a1-poration arounda Vportion ofthe duct, and to this end, wind or aiix around it, abovethe roof', some fibrous material, as shown at Bl; upon which water ismade to trickle down from a reservoir; B2, above it, said reservoirbeing supplied with water from a hydrant, or by'ineans ot' a pump. Bysuch constantevaporation, heat is abstracted from the air as it descendsthe duct, and, consequently, the temperature in the duct considerablyreduced. l

The duct encloses a cylinder, B, occupying its centre, so that the airdescending itisconstantly brought in contact with its cold outer wall.

A portion ot' the duct may be enclosed in a suitable box, B, and in thisbox ice' or other cooling substances may be placed in summer time, whenit is desirableV to have cool air for the bed or beds, and hot water orsteam may be introduced into the saine during the cold season.

One branch-pipe, B5, provided with a suitable valve or damper, leadsfrom the duct to each bed, discharging the air either directly over thebed, as shown in the left-hand section of figs. l and 2, or into a boxplaced above snch bed, and provided with a iine gauze bottom, for thepurpose o't' dividing the current, as shown atl), in the left-haudsection of sail iignres.

It is apparent that one `duct may be employed to supply any number otbeds with air ot' any desired temperature.. Y

lbe air-duct- B, iu figs. 3 and 4, discharges the air through itsbranchfpipe B5, directly into the mattress at the head ot' the bed, forthe purpose ot Ventilating the same.. -A

Another duct, E, is here'einployed, for the purpose .of drawing olf fromthe bed any foul air therein, its

branch-pipe connecting with the mattress at the foot ot' the bed.

In the right-hand section of these figs-3 and 4, I

have shown this air-duct E as directed into the chimney F. When it isnot convenient to emplo achimney for thus producing a draught, I employa ventilating-tube or shaft, with one or more gas-jets directed into thesaine at any convenient point.

In the righthand section l have shown an air-duct for drawing oii" foulair, like the duct B, with this difference, however, that the. vane isso attached to its revolving hood or cap as to point its month in thedirection of the wind; thus a constant tendency to a 'vacuum at themouth of the hood will create an upt conducted upward to fall upon it;or the air which is .g-onducted directly into the bed may be drawnoutiut\o.this,sp: lce, and then toany desirable place.

In order to prevent the conduction of heat or cold through the lwalls ofthe boxes vor air-ducts, I surround them, below the eva-poratingapparatus, with a casing or cisings, having spaces between them. Thesespaces are Atilled with some good non-conducting material or substance,as tow, wool, cotton, flax, hair, cork, felt, 'charco-al,y air, sawdust,tan-bark, shavings, plastei"ofPai'is, soapstone, soapstone-dnst,pipe-clay, or tire-brick. When itis desirable to purify, moisten, dry,perfume, or medicate the air, prior to its being inhaled by the occupantof the bed, I place in the airducts or cooling-boxes, charcoal, chlorideof lime,

quick or air-slaked lime, carholic acid, ammonia; v also sponge, felt,or other fibrous substance filled with water, or water in the form ofspray or jets. When water ls used inthe form of spray or jets, theairdncts are connected with a grand trunk, or main duct, down which thewater is allowed to fall to be conducted away to any desirable pointthrough a trap.

ln connecting the lateral branches to the main duet, care should betaken to prevent their receiving any of the falling water. This objectmay be secured by sloping downward that end of the lateral branchwhit-his joined to the main due-t, or the end may be projected into themain duct withan opening inits-lower side only which will admit the airand exclude the water.

The mouths of the ducts are covered with wire, or other gauze, or itsequivalent, to prevent the entrance of dust and insects.

I use vthe foregoing substances and materials in patents already grantedto me for cooling and ventilating buildings, and I now propose to usethem in combination with beds, in the manner as herein described.

.by Letters Patent, is-

1. A bed-sack, or mattress, in combinationwith. an air-duct extending tothe outside of 'the building in which said bed is placed,substantially-as and for the purpose set forth.

2. An air-duct surmounted with a revolving hood, in combination withabed or bedstead, substantially as described and for, the purpose setforth.

3. An air-duet with an evaporatingapparatus, in combination with a bed,substantially as set forth.

4. An air-duct` withl an enclosing-cylinder, B", and au evaporati-ngapparatus, in combination-with a bed, snbsantially as and for thepurposepset forth.

5. An air-duct cooled by a packing of ice, or warmed by means of warmwater, steam, or the' products of combustion, when such duct is'extendedto the outer air, in combination with a bed,v.substantially as setforth.

6. A flue, or tube, connected with a chimney, in combination with a bed,substantially as and4 for thepurpose set forth. y

substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

The above spcciiication signed by me this day of 186 D. E. SOMES.

Witnesses:

F. C. Sowas,- A. M. SMITH.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure 7. A flue with gasjets, in combination with a bed,`

